It frequently coexists with other benign and malignant bone tumors. The rationale, alternatives, and possible contraindications to radionuclide ablation of spinal. Authors report on the results of treatment of 52 primary and 16 secondary aneurysmal bone cysts abc. A rare case of aneurysmal bone cyst abc located in the mandibular condyle in a 10yearold boy is presented. Clinicoradiological diagnosis was aneurysmal bone cyst confirmed on fine needle aspiration cytology. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc accounts for 1% to 2% of all primary bone tumors. Aneurysmal bone cyst childrens hospital of philadelphia. The aneurysmal bone cyst of the jaw is a pseudocystic lesion. Genetic and rare diseases information center gard po box 8126, gaithersburg, md 208988126 tollfree. Results only one of the patients was believed to have an. Simple and aneurysmal bone cysts are benign lytic bone lesions, usually encountered in children and adolescents. Six of the cysts, which were hypovascular responded well to the calcitonin administered directly into the cyst. Mar 11, 2011 fibrous dysplasia fd and aneurysmal bone cyst abc are uncommon benign intraosseous lesions. Atraumatic groin pain secondary to an aneurysmal bone cyst.
Aneurysmal bone cysts abc are benign expansile tumorlike bone lesions of uncertain etiology, composed of numerous bloodfilled channels, and mostly diagnosed in children and adolescents. Imaging studies reveal an osteolytic, eccentric, and multicystic lesion. Cysts can cause bone pain, bone deformity and other symptoms that depend on their location. Learningradiology unicameral, bone, cyst, solitary, simple. Plain radiography reveals expansion of bone and cortical thinning. A rare case of aneurysmal bone cyst in the paranasal sinus.
Abcs are characterized by rapid growth pattern with. Simple bone cyst in spinous process of the c4 vertebra. If the abc is located in the area of the long bones, treatment usually consists of curettage of the cyst, followed by plombage with bone cement or filling with bone or bone replacement material 8, 9. An awardwinning, radiologic teaching site for medical students and those starting out in radiology focusing on chest, gi, cardiac and musculoskeletal diseases containing hundreds of lectures, quizzes, handout notes, interactive material, most commons lists and pictorial differential diagnoses. Additionally, soft tissue bulges into the outer part of the bone, where new bone is formed. Pdf bilateral aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible. Ossification and rebuilding of the abc occurred after some months in every case. Most patients with aneurysmal bone cyst present with complaints of pain. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is benign, vascular, osteolytic lesion occurring. Gadolinium was given to differentiate between the primary and secondary aneurysmal bone cysts through detecting of internal soft tissue component that indicating underlying primary pathology since the secondary abc developed secondary to an underlying lesion.
After osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma, abc is the third most frequent benign bone tumor. Adolescents and children are most affected by aneurysmal bone cyst. The tumor presents with pain for several weeks with local swelling. One hypervascularized abc, however, failed to respond either to embolotherapy or to the calcitonin hormone treatment. An aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a benign osteolytic bony lesion that commonly affects the long bones with rare presentation in the jaws. Aneurysmal bone cyst after femoral derotational osteotomy. Pdf malignant transformation of aneurysmal bone cysts. Aneurysmal bone cysts abc are benign lesions, but locally aggressive, that occur more frequently in the metaphyses of long bones, especially distal femur, the proximal tibia and vertebral posterior bodies. If you have problems viewing pdf files, download the latest version of adobe reader. Aneurysmal bone cysts abc are less common benign osteolytic lesions that are histologically similar to gctbs but produce blood filled cavities. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc pediatric orthopaedic society.
Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a multicystic and expansile bone tumor of uncertain line of differentiation. Aneurysmal bone cyst is a nonneoplastic expansile lesion of bone, mainly affecting children and young adults. Giant cell tumour also known as osteoclastoma common benign tumour locally aggressive recurrence 3. Aneurysmal bone cyst, abbreviated abc, is an osteolytic bone neoplasm characterized by several spongelike blood or serum filled, generally nonendothelialized spaces of various diameters. A case report by kevin m mccann, dpm 1, craig e clifford, dpm 2, heather l salton, dpm, aacfas 3 the foot and ankle online journal 4 6. Treatment of an aneurysmal bone cyst is the subject of ongoing discussions. Physical examination revealed a proptotic left eye and bulging of the hard palate. Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst presenting as a giant. A case of a simple bone cyst in the spinous process of the fourth cervical vertebra in a 26yearold woman is reported. An aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign but often rapidly expanding osteolytic multicystic osseous lesion that occurs as a primary, secondary, intraosseous, extraosseous, solid or conventional lesion. Aneurysmal bone cysts occur most commonly around the knee, pelvis or spine. Most patients are under 20, but the tumor can occur at any age. Aneurysmal bone cyst located in the mandibular condyle. Abcs are considered benign yet locally aggressive lesions with a potential for local recurrence, and they typically appear in the metaphysis of the long bones and in the vertebral column.
Mri is able to demonstrate the characteristic fluidfluid levels exquisitely as well as identify the presence of a solid component suggesting that the aneurysmal bone cyst is secondary. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a primary bone tumor that predominantly affects individuals in the first 2 decades of life. Methods eleven patients with recurrent abc were treated with curettage and adjuvant cauterization with phenol. An 11yearold female presented with a swelling over her right iliac region and numbness along the medial aspect of thigh. Solid aneurysmal bone cyst is a reactive nonneoplastic bone lesion with varied imaging characteristics. Aneurysmal bone cyst article about aneurysmal bone cyst by. Doubledensity fluid level and intralesional septations usually indicates an aneurysmal bone cyst. The most commonly affected bone is the tibia shinbone, followed by the femur thigh bone. A rare case of aneurysmal bone cyst in the paranasal sinus ncbi.
Although benign, the abc can be locally aggressive and can cause extensive weakening of the bony structure and impinge on the surrounding tissues. Pdf aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandibular condyle. A rapid growing mass, depicting soft tissue invasion, in the right condyle of the mandible was found. Aneurysmal bone cysts genetic and rare diseases information. We report the nonoperative treatment of a recurrent, multilevel spinal aneurysmal bone cyst by injection of 32p chromic phosphate colloid into the cyst. Aneurysmal bone cysts abc are extremely rare in the head and neck region and even rarer. The cysts are of a variable signal, with a surrounding rim of low t1 and. Simultaneous occurrence of both lesions is extremely rare. The term is a misnomer, as the lesion is neither an aneurysm nor a cyst. Aneurysmal bone cysts abcs of spine are conventionally treated with enbloc resection or intralesional excisioncurettage and reconstruction or filling of defects with bone cement. In addition, the thin rim of bone surrounding the cyst can be identified. Jun 24, 2016 an aneurysmal bone cyst is an expansile osteolytic lesion with a thin wall, containing bloodfilled cystic cavities.
A case report the case of a 6yearold boy with a rapid growing mass in the right angle of the mandible that clinically and radiographically. An aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a highly destructive benign bone tumor, occurring in less than 1 in 100,000 people per year. A benign and nonneoplastic reactive bone lesion filled with multiple bloodfilled cavities. Although it is considered to be reactive in nature, there is evidence that some aneurysmal bone cysts are true neoplasms. Enhancement of the septa are seen in this case and can be seen with aneurysmal bone cysts.
Photomicrograph of surgical specimen shows fibroblastic proliferation, abundant giant cells, focal osteoid deposition, and large bloodfilled space without endothelial lining. The patient came to our attention for a sudden swelling in the right temporomandibular region, the mouth opening was not reduced. Aneurysmal bone cyst, abbreviated abc, is a very common benign pathology of bone giant cell reparative granuloma also known as solid aneurysmal bone cyst is dealt with separately. Histologically, it is a cavernous vascular tumor that can range from a few millimeters to 12 cm in diameter with intralesional communicating cavitations. Aneurysmal bone cyst is a cavity that forms in your bone that is filled with fluids. These cysts are termed aneurysmal because when viewed on an xray, the cysts resemble aneurysms. For language access assistance, contact the ncats public information officer. Simple bone cysts are common, benign, fluidfilled, cystic lesions that occur mostly in the metaphysis of the long bones and are rarely found in vertebrae. Aneurysmal bone cysts rather than local aggressive lesions of the bone which may arise in any part of the axial or appendicular skeleton. Though abcs are considered as secondary phenomenon in. Twothirds of spinal lesions will present in the posterior elements. An aneurysmal bone cyst is a bone lesion that, while benign, can grow rapidly and potentially destroy bone tissue.
Aneurysmal bone cyst versus hemangioma of the mandible. An active abc is one that could deform the bone its growing in, but remains contained in the bone, while an aggressive abc extends beyond the bone to the nearby soft connective tissues. Xray of the tibia and fibula show an eccentric lucent bone lesion with evidence of a healing pathological fracture, and mri confirms that this lesion is an aneurysmal bone cyst with multiple fluidfluid levels seen on the t2 imaging. Large aneurysmal bone cyst of iliac bone in a female child. Radical surgical excision should be the goal of surgery to decrease the recurrence rate. Both gctbs and abcs are locally aggressive and are typically found on metaepiphyseal regions of long bones with pelvic tumours being less common.
Oct 01, 2012 aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a benign, tumorlike, highly vascular, locally aggresive, and relatively rare osteolytic lesion of unknown etiology. Aneurysmal bone cyst an overview sciencedirect topics. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a benign osteolytic lesion that is fast. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a benign and nonneoplastic reactive bone lesion with multiple bloodfilled cavities. Aneurysmal bone cysts are benign fibro osseous lesions, rarely present in maxillary region. The term aneurysmal refers to the explosive, expansile nature of the bone containing the. Cytogeneticmorphologic correlations in aneurysmal bone cyst, giant cell tumor of bone and combined lesions. The peculiar bony lesion called aneurysmal bone cyst was first named and described as a distinct entity under this term by jaffe and lichtenstein 5 in 1942. Periosteal aneurysmal bone cyst the lancet oncology. Features identical to intraosseous aneurysmal bone cyst rapidly growing, benign mass of deep soft tissue of upper extremities, thigh or groin, without involvement of adjacent bones mean age 28 years, range 8 37 years may recur locally if incompletely excised case reports. An aneurysmal bone cyst of the condyle is even more unusual, with only 6 cases reported in the literature to date 610, and. Patients and methods the lesions were principally located in the tibia, femur, pelvis, humerus, and spine and, in most cases, presented the imaging appearance originally described by jaffe and lichtenstein as a blowout with thin cortices.
Ubc can involve all bones, but usually the long bone metaphysis and otherwise primarily the proximal humerus and proximal femur. Periosteal aneurysmal bone cyst previous article oncology drugs in the crosshairs of pharmaceutical crime a 29yearold woman with known type 2 diabetes presented to the musculoskeletal oncology clinic at the mcgill university health centre montreal, qc, canada in february, 2015, with complaints of pain and swelling of her left leg for a few. An aneurysmal bone cyst usually falls into one of two categories. Treatment of an aneurysmal bone cyst of the spine by. They reported aneurysmal bone cyst, nasal, and paranasal sinus involvement. Apr 29, 2018 aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a tumorlike lesion of the bone, primarily found in children and adolescents this benign tumor grows rapidly and destroys any surrounding bone tissue. These lesions consist of vascular spaces filled with blood, separated by trabecular osteoid tissue and osteoclast.
Aneurysmal bone cyst, abbreviated abc, is an osteolytic bone neoplasm characterized by several spongelike blood or serum filled, generally non endothelialized spaces of various diameters. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the proximal femur and its. Aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare benign tumor of the bone. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the ethmoid bone the british. We present an example of concomitant fd and abc in a 7 yearold with left eye blindness and discharge of one month duration. These lesions are difficult to recognize clinically. About 1% of all primary bone tumors constitute these lesions. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc are benign intraosseous or rarely soft tissue lesions and were first described by jaffe and liechtenstein in 1942. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the calcaneus radiology case.
We present ct, mr imaging, and histopathologic findings of an aneurysmal bone cyst of the orbit in a yearold female adolescent. Pdf on feb 1, 2009, jiong mei and others published malignant transformation of aneurysmal bone cysts. The lesions primarily occur in the first two decades of life, with slight women predominance 2, 3. While it is referred to as a cyst, it is a true benign bone tumor surrounded by a thin wall of bone. An aneurysmal bone cyst is a highly destructive benign bone tumor, representing 1 to 6 percent of all solid bone tumors. Although several theories are available in the literature. Aneurysmal bone cysts abcs can occur in any bone, but are most commonly found around the knee, pelvis or spine. Aneurysmal bone cyst of rib presenting as a huge chest. Tricalcium phosphate granules were used to fill the residual cavity with or without autograft in nine patients.
Excision curettage wide margin excision of the soft tissue. The aneurysmal bone cyst is the result of a specific pathophysiologic change, which is probably the result of trauma or a tumorinduced anomalous vascular process. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a solitary, expansile and erosive lesion of bone. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the sphenoid bone extending into the ethmoid sinus, nasal cavity and orbita in a child cocukta etmoid sinus, nasal kavite ve orbitaya uzanan sfenoid kemiin anevrizmal kemik kisti abstract an aneurysmal bone cyst abc typically involves the long bones of the extremities, thorax, pelvis, or vertebrae. According to the radiologic findings, the lesion was identified as a simple bone cyst, and the diagnosis was. Among them, aneurysmal bone cysts abcs and giant cell tumors gcts are the most frequently observed in the spine. Bony tumors of the cervical spine, pathology of solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst, solid variant of aneurysmal bone cyst, spinal aneurysmal bone cysts introduction the conventional aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a nonneoplastic bony lesion, characterized by cavernous spaces with fibrous walls, intermixed with bone and giant cells. Helpful in areas of complex anatomy, such as the spine or pelvis. The age distribution of aneurysmal bone cyst is between 1. Pdf aneurysmal bone cyst of the temporal bone gaurang. En bloc resection is preferred when the abc is growing superficially and eccentrically and more than half of the bone width is intact.
Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a tumorlike lesion of the bone, primarily found in children and adolescents this benign tumor grows rapidly and destroys any surrounding bone tissue. The aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a benign tumor of bone found most commonly in female patients between 10 and 20 years of age it has a predilection for the femur. Simple bone cyst is a cystic, fluidfilled lesion, which may be unicameral ubc or partially separated. Rodriguezperalto j l, lopezbarea f, sanchezherrera s, atienza m. This work presents the results of management of 11 patients with recurrent abc. Primary aneurysmal cyst of soft tissues extraosseous aneurysmal cyst.
The aneurysmatic osseus cyst is a very infrequent bone lesion which in some occasions can be found at the craneofacial skeleton. St christophers hospital for children, philadelphia, pa bone cysts in the pediatric population are often found incidentally on radiographs or after a cyst has created cortical weakness leading to a pathologic fracture. Understanding unicameral and aneurysmal bone cysts. Several theories have been suggested like trauma, intramedullary hematoma, alterations in local hemodynamics, reactive malformation, and genetic predisposition.
Solid variant of aneurysmal bone cysts in long tubular. Increasing awareness sinceon the part of physicians, radiologists, and surgeonshas led to an increase in the reported incidence of this lesion so that at present it is not too uncommon a clinical or pathologic entity. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the occipital bone ecronicon. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a osteolytic bone lesion that rarely. Fibrous dysplasia and aneurysmal bone cyst of the skull base. Aneurysmal bone cyst definition of aneurysmal bone cyst by. We gratefully acknowledge the secretarial support of linda greene in the preparation of this manuscript. Apart from congenital anomalies, other benign primary bony lesions include fibrous dysplasia, aneurysmal bone cyst and osteochondromata. Mr imaging findings of the aneurysmal bone cyst of the skull were highly suggestive of the diagnosis. In a long bone, aneurysmal bone cyst is a radiologically lucent lesion centered on the metaphysis, but it may extend into the epiphysis if the physeal plate is closed. An aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a benign, expansile, cystlike process of bone that usually involves long tubular bones of the extremities, the vertebrae, or the sacrum. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible scielo espana. We report the ct and morphological findings of aneurysmal bone cyst of the maxilla in a 15 years old female. Aneurysmal bone cysts of the spine pubmed central pmc.
Most bone cysts are benign, are pain free, and resolve spontaneously. Soft tissue aneurysmal bone cyst a case report pdffinal. Seven aneurysmal bone cysts abc were treated with the hormone calcitonin. The patient was then followed up with serial ct examinations, which showed stabilization and progressive ossification within the lesion. The term aneurysmal is derived from its radiographic appearance. Aneurysmal bone cysts are benign, expansile lesions that are not at all uncommon in the lower extremity. Pdf an aneurysmal bone cyst abc, usually considered a reactive lesion of bone rather than a cyst or true neoplasm, is believed to represent an. Bone cyst can affect any person, but it is more common in young adults and children 2. The appearance on xray often is characteristic because it has clear boundaries and is located away from the center of the bone.
Calcitonin therapy of aneurysmal bone cysts springerlink. The incidence of aneurysmal bone cyst is approximately 0. Usp6 rearrangements are detectable in approximately 70% of primary abc and not in other conditions that may simulate abc histologically, including giant cell tumor of bone, osteosarcoma, osteoblastoma, brown tumor, cherubism, and vascular neoplasms. Aneurysmal bone cyst develops in patients 10 to 20 years old 80% of cases, with a slight female predominance figs. More than 80% of lesions were in the long bones, commonly in the. Aneurysmal bone cyst of rib presenting as a huge chest wall mass. This article reevaluates the various clinicopathological presentations and array of radiographic features displayed by aneurysmal bone cysts abcs of. This is the first case reported in literature which raises the possibility that an osteotomy could be a cause in the development of an.
Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is rare benign lesions of bone which are infrequent in craniofacial skeleton. Aneurysmal bone cysts are primarily seen in children and adolescents, with 80% occurring in patients less than 20 years of age 8. Epidemiology 1823% of benign bone neoplasm 2050 years of age80% mild female predilection especially when located in spine malignant transformationm. The aneurysmal bone cyst is an enigmatic and misnamed lesion displaying variable. For the treatment of upper cervical abcs, enbloc resections are often not desirable considering the riskbenefit ratio while the risk of recurrence after intralesional excision is high. The cyst may be present for a few weeks to a few years before diagnosis. Other approaches employ local cryotherapy or application of scle.
Aneurysmal bone cyst abc is a benign, expansile, nonneoplastic lesion of the bone, characterized by channels of blood and spaces that are. After 36 months of followup, there was no recurrence. Selective arterial embolisation of aneurysmal bone cysts of. Eleven cases of aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible treated during a 7year period were studied. Aneurysmal bone cyst abc was made and the lesion was treated by curettage with cement application. It is a rapidly growing and destructive bone lesion characterized by replacement of the normal bone with fibroosseous tissue containing bloodfilled. Conclusion treatment options for aneurysmal bone cysts are simple curettage with or without bone grafting, complete excision, embolization, radiation therapy, or a combination of these modalities. Aneurysmal bone cysts abcs are benign, slow growing expansile lesions usually found in long bones or vertebrae. Aneurysmal bone cyst of the mandible affecting the. Symptomatic aneurysmal bone cysts in pediatric age group with an expansile lesion in ilium is a rare occurrence. Aneurysmal bone cyst is uncommon form of bone cyst where your bone has blood 1. An aneurysmal bone cyst is a benign, bloodfilled lesion in the bone that tends to expand or grow.
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